Umjetnički se obrazovao u Ateni, Firenci i Münchenu (od 1906.) Giorgio De Chirico (Italian, July 10, 1888–November 20, 1978) was a notable Surrealist painter and graphic artist who founded the Metaphysical Art movement. He began to paint in a neoclassical style. Upon his arrival in May 1915, he enlisted in the army, but he was considered unfit for work and assigned to the hospital at Ferrara. Giorgio De Chirico (n. 10 iulie 1888, Volos, Grecia – d. 20 noiembrie 1978, Roma, Italia ), cunoscut și ca Népo, a fost un pictor suprarealist italian, poate cel mai enigmatic exponent al artei figurative din secolul al XX-lea. Baldacci, Paolo & Fagiolo Dell’Arco, Maurizio (1982). After 1919, he became a critic of modern art, studied traditional painting techniques, and worked in a neoclassical or neo-Baroque style, while frequently revisiting the metaphysical themes of his earlier work. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [39][40][41], The box art for Fumito Ueda's PlayStation 2 game Ico sold in Japan and Europe was strongly influenced by de Chirico. His father, Evaristo de Chirico worked as a railway engineer. The Italian painter and graphic artist Giorgio de Chirico was born in Volvos, Greece, on July 7, 1888. Giorgio de Chirico (10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was an Italian painter and writer. Son père, Evaristo , amateur d'art et de voile, ingénieur de Palerme chargé de la construction de lignes de chemin de fer, lui fait découvrir la Grèce antique. He also worked in etching and sculpture. It contracts the near and the far, enchanting one's sense of space. Giorgio de Chirico adalah seorang pelukis asal Italia yang lahir pada tanggal 10 Juli 1888 di Volos, Yunani dan meninggal pada tanggal 19 November 1978 di Roma, Italia. Giorgio de Chirico (10 de xunetu de 1888, Volos - 20 de payares de 1978, Roma) foi un pintor italianu nacíu en Bolos, Grecia, de pás italianos.De Chirico ye famosu ente abondes otres coses por crear el movimientu artísticu scuola metafisica.. Estudió arte n'Atenes y Florencia, anantes de colar a Alemaña en 1906, u entró n'Academia de Belles Artes de Münich. After 1919, he became interested in more traditional ways of painting. 1888.- Rim, 20.11. There, he also studied the works of Arnold Böcklin and Max Klinger. In 1914, through Apollinaire, he met the art dealer Paul Guillaume, with whom he signed a contract for his artistic output. In 1992 his remains were moved to the Roman church of San Francesco a Ripa. Giorgio de Chirico is most well known for his metaphysical paintings which influenced the Surrealists to come. července 1888 Volos, Řecko – 20. listopadu 1978 Řím), řecko-italský malíř a grafik.Byl hlavním představitelem tzv. Giorgio De Chirico was born on July 10, 1888, in Volos, the capital of Thessaly, Greece. "[12] Metaphysical art combined everyday reality with mythology, and evoked inexplicable moods of nostalgia, tense expectation, and estrangement. In 1930, de Chirico met his second wife, Isabella Pakszwer Far (1909-1990), a Russian, with whom he would remain for the rest of his life. Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Gare Montparnasse (The Melancholy of Departure), "Giorgio de Chirico | Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico", "The Origins of Adelaide Mabili and Her Marriage to Giorgio De Chirico: Restoration of the Historical Truth", "Figure 1: The map depicts in dotted lines the successive moves of de...", The Cambridge Companion to the Italian Novel, "The Nostalgia of the Poet – a project by Gabriele Tinti - Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico", "Gabriele Tinti: La nostalgia del poeta, Omaggio a Giorgio de Chirico", "Gabriele Tinti: La nostalgia del poeta, Omaggio a Giorgio De Chirico (2)", "Giorgio de Chirico - Argonaut of the Soul", http://www.fondazionedechirico.org/pubblicazioni/autori/de-chirico-and-the-united-kingdom-c-1916-1978/?lang=en, "The Spirits Released: De Chirico and Metaphysical Perspective", "Railway Stations and Minotaurs: gender in the paintings of Giorgio de Chirico and Pablo Picasso", "Il rapporto tra Giorgio de Chirico e l`Inghilterra", List of works designed with the golden ratio, Viewpoints: Mathematical Perspective and Fractal Geometry in Art, European Society for Mathematics and the Arts, Goudreau Museum of Mathematics in Art and Science, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giorgio_de_Chirico&oldid=998380222, Articles needing additional references from August 2019, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TePapa identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Giorgio de Chirico was born in 1888 in Greece. Godine 1909. vratio se u Italiju.. Utemeljitelj je metafizičke Å¡kole u slikarstvu. De Chirico’s Metaphysical paintings exercised a profound influence on the painters of the Surrealist movement in the 1920s. At the start of this period, his subjects were motionless cityscapes inspired by the bright daylight of Mediterranean cities, but gradually he turned his attention to studies of cluttered storerooms, sometimes inhabited by mannequin-like hybrid figures. The name means "Metaphysical school".The Scuola metafisica was a big influence on the surrealist painters. Giorgio DE CHIRICO (1888-1978) (Italy) is an artist born in 1888 The oldest auction result ever registered on the website for an artwork by this artist is a painting sold in 1983, at Binoche, and the most recent auction result is a print-multiple sold in 2021. He died in Rome on 20 November 1978. Bowie was an admirer of his genderless tailors' dummies. Among de Chirico's most frequent motifs were arcades, of which he wrote: "The Roman arcade is fate ... its voice speaks in riddles which are filled with a peculiarly Roman poetry".[14]. By 1910 de Chirico was living in Florence, where he began painting a unique series of landscapes that included The Enigma of an Autumn Afternoon (1910), in which the long, sinister, and illogical shadows cast by unseen objects onto empty city spaces contrast starkly with bright, clear light that is rendered in brooding green tonalities. [4][6] De Chirico's family was in Greece at the time of his birth because his father, engineer, was in charge of the construction of a railroad. His most well-known works often feature Roman arcades, long shadows, mannequins, trains, and illogical perspective. In 1928 he held his first exhibition in New York City and shortly afterwards, London. [15] In Ferrara he met with Carlo Carrà and together they founded the pittura metafisica movement. Giorgio de Chirico (/ˈkɪrɪkoʊ/ KIRR-ik-oh, Italian: [ˈdʒordʒo deˈkiːriko]; 10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was an Italian[1][2] artist and writer born in Greece. ")—this question, inscribed by the young artist on his self-portrait in 1911, is their subtext. De Chirico's conception of Metaphysical art was strongly influenced by his reading of Nietzsche, whose style of writing fascinated de Chirico with its suggestions of unseen auguries beneath the appearance of things. Christina Britzolakis, "Conversation amongst the Ruins: Plath and de Chirico", in Connors & Bayley, eds., '. The one-eyed figure represented the visionary. His early style was influenced by Arnold Böcklin’s and Max Klinger’s paintings, which juxtapose the fantastic with the commonplace. [16] This article heralded an abrupt change in his artistic orientation, as he adopted a classicizing manner inspired by such old masters as Raphael and Signorelli, and became part of the post-war return to order in the arts. 1906-ban, miután meghalt apja, Münchenbe költözött a családdal együtt, és tanulmányait az ottani akadémián folytatta, ahova elsősorban Arnold Böcklin vonzotta. Giorgio de Chirico, (born July 10, 1888, Vólos, Greece—died Nov. 19, 1978, Rome, Italy), Italian painter who, with Carlo Carrà and Giorgio Morandi, founded the style of Metaphysical painting. [23] In 1945, he published his memoirs. Giorgio de Chirico werd in Griekenland geboren uit Italiaanse ouders en volgde zijn kunstopleidingen in Athene, Florence en vanaf 1906 aan de kunstacademie van München, waar hij Böcklin en Klinger ontdekte. [10], He remained extremely prolific even as he approached his 90th year. In November 1919, de Chirico published an article in Valori plastici entitled "The Return of Craftsmanship", in which he advocated a return to traditional methods and iconography. Giorgio de Chirico was an Italian artist who co-founded the genre of ‘metaphysical painting’ which had a profound influence on the Surrealists. De Chirico returned to Italy in the summer of 1909 and spent six months in Milan. Perhaps it comes from the train and is near us. The poems were read by actor Burt Young at the Met in 2016. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Writers who have appreciated de Chirico include John Ashbery, who has called Hebdomeros "probably ... the finest [major work of Surrealist fiction]. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. By 1910, he was beginning to paint in a simpler style of flat, anonymous surfaces. In 1958, Riverside Records used a reproduction of de Chirico's 1915 painting The Seer (originally painted as a tribute to French poet Arthur Rimbaud) as the cover art for pianist Thelonious Monk's live album Misterioso. [17], In the early 1920s, the Surrealist writer André Breton discovered one of de Chirico's metaphysical paintings on display in Guillaume's Paris gallery, and was enthralled. At the beginning of 1910, he moved to Florence where he painted the first of his 'Metaphysical Town Square' series, The Enigma of an Autumn Afternoon, after the revelation he felt in Piazza Santa Croce. Giorgio de Chirico, (born July 10, 1888, Vólos, Greece—died Nov. 19, 1978, Rome, Italy), Italian painter who, with Carlo Carrà and Giorgio Morandi, founded the style of Metaphysical painting. Volos 1888 - Rom 1978. His father was an engineer working on the construction of the Greek railway system and his mother was a noblewoman of Genoese origin. Omissions? In 1915 de Chirico was conscripted into the Italian army and stationed at Ferrara, Italy. After Evaristo de Chirico's death in 1905, the family relocated in 1906 to Germany, after first visiting Florence. He was born in Volos, a coastal city of Thessaly, and was encouraged by his father from a young age to cultivate a passion for art. [20] His relationship with the Surrealists grew increasingly contentious, as they publicly disparaged his new work; by 1926 he had come to regard them as "cretinous and hostile". In 1905, tragedy shook the family as their father passed away. "De Chirico, Giorgio". Also in 1929, he made stage designs for Sergei Diaghilev.[10]. Giorgio de Chirico az athéni Politechnikai Főiskolán tanult, amely műszaki és művészeti képzést is nyújtott. Giorgio De Chirico va ser tan estimat com odiat en la primera meitat del segle xx.André Breton el va considerar gràcies a les estranyes atmosferes i rerefons oníric dels seus paisatges com un dels precursors del surrealisme, però el 1918 el va declarar mort en tornar la mirada cap a l'art del Renaixement. De Chirico was profoundly moved by what he called the 'metaphysical aspect' of Turin, especially the architecture of its archways and piazzas. Born in the Greek port city of Volos, Giorgio de Chirico was the son of Italian parents. Sa mère, Gemma Cervetto, née à Smyrne, en Turquie, d'une famille italienne de la noblesse génoise, est chanteuse d'opéra . [11] De Chirico found inspiration in the unexpected sensations that familiar places or things sometimes produced in him: In a manuscript of 1909 he wrote of the "host of strange, unknown and solitary things that can be translated into painting ... What is required above all is a pronounced sensitivity. He nevertheless produced backdated "self-forgeries" both to profit from his earlier success, and as an act of revenge—retribution for the critical preference for his early work. In these works, such as The Soothsayer’s Recompense (1913) and The Mystery and Melancholy of a Street (1914), classical statues, dark arcades, and small, isolated figures are overpowered by their own shadows and by severe, oppressive architecture. The element of mystery in de Chirico’s paintings dwindled after 1919, when he became interested in the technical methods of the Italian classical tradition. Index biographique des membres et associés de l'Académie royale de Belgique (1769–2005), p. 72. After 1919, he became interested in more traditional ways of painting. [9][10] The style of his earliest paintings, such as The Dying Centaur (1909), shows the influence of Böcklin.[8]. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Giorgio-de-Chirico, Guggenheim - Biography of Giorgio De Chirico, The Art Story - Biography of Giorgio De Chirico, Art Encyclopedia - Biography of Giorgio de Chirico, Giorgio de Chirico - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). In 1924 de Chirico visited Paris and was accepted into the group, although the surrealists were severely critical of his post-metaphysical work. After studying in Athens and Florence, he moved to Germany to study at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, where he was influenced by the writings of Nietzsche and Arthur Schopenhauer. In The Joy of Return, 1915, de Chirico's train has once more entered the city ... a bright ball of vapor hovers directly above its smokestack. Fagiolo Dell’Arco, Maurizio, & Cavallo, Luigi (1985). Giorgio de Chirico (Italian, 1888–1978) Giorgio De Chirico was born on 10th July 1888 in Volos, the capital of Thessaly (Greece).
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